Combination-heater.



0. A. MANSFIELD & G. D. HAYES. GOMBINATION'HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2, 1901.

N0 MODEL.

H I ll l'h llllll Illl g illlllll iill Emu v PATENTED MAR. 24, 1903.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No. 723,538. PATENTED MAR. 24, 1903. C. A. MANSFIELD & G. D. HAYES.

COMBINATION HEATER.

APPLICATION TILED FEB. 2, 1901.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2,.

no MODEL.

6:202: 0 .RJLdgea,

UNITED STATES ATENT FFICE.

CHARLES AUGUSTUS MANSFIELD AND GEORGE DANIEL HAYES, OF

HILLSBORO, TEXAS.

CQMBINAT ION-H 'EATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 723,538, dated March 24, 1903.. Application filed February 2, 19( J1. Serial No. 45,758. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CHARLES AUGUSTUS MANSFIELD and GEORGE DANIEL HAYES, citizens of the United States, residing at Hillsboro, in the county of Hill and State of-Texas, have in vented a new and useful Combination- Heater, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to combination-heaters; and the main object is to provide what may be termed a submergible heater adapted to be placed directly in. a body of.

water contained in any open-top vessel-such as a bath-tub, Washing-tub, bucket, or other receptacle-for the purpose of raising the temperature of the water to any desired degree.

The construction of the heater therefore has special reference to rendering the same watertight, so that it will be impossible for the water in which the heater is submerged to gain access to the interior of the combustionchamber and the parts contained therein and closely related thereto.

With the above and other objects in view, which will more fully appear as the nature of the invention is described, the invention consis'ts in the novel construction, combination, and arrangement hereinafter set forth, illustrated in the drawings, and incorporated in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the combination-heater, showing the same submerged in Water con: tained in an open-top vessel, the latter being illustrated in section. Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical section through the main body of the heater, showing the relation between the base and combustion-chamber and the manner of arranging the burner and vaporizer within the combustion-chamber. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the base and the parts connected therewith, the combustion-chamber being removed and the generator and oil-feed pipe being shown in section. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the burner. Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail vertical section through the valve-casing, taken in line with the needle-valve stem.

Like numerals of reference denote like parts in allthe figures of the drawings.

The combination-heater contemplated in this invention comprises, essentially, a base '1, whichis preferably made solid, as illustrated in Fig. 2, to give the necessary weight to the lower portion of the heater to hold the same submerged, and said base is preferably circumferentially flanged or extended, as shown at 2, to avoid any tendency of the same to tip over. The base is further provided with an oil supplypassage '3, to the end of which is fitted one end of an oil supply or feed pipe 4, which extends upward at one side of the base and has connected to its top an oil tank or reservoir 5 of any suitable description, while beneath the tank 5 the feedpipe 4 is providedwith a cut-off valve 6, by means of which the supply of oil being fed to the burner may be controlled or entirely out off. The opposite end of the passage 3 extends upward and opens out through the upper surface of the base, Where it receives a short threaded nipple 7, the purpose of which will be hereinafter explained.

The base 1 is provided at its top with an upstanding flange 8, forming a vacuum-chamber 9. The flange 8 is given an upward flare and resemblesa frustu m of an inverted cone, and said flange is internally screw-threaded at its upper end, as shown at 10, to receive the externally-threaded lower end of a com bustion-chamber ll.

The combustion-chamber is in the form of an incomplete hollow sphere consisting of the spheroidal wall 12, the same being provided with a plurality of threaded openings for the reception of draft and vent pipes. One of such openings. (indicated at 13) is provided for the purpose of receiving a centrally-arranged stack or vent-pipe 14, Which extends upward from the combustion-chamber to a point. preferably above the oil-tank 5, as illustrated in Fig. 1 At diametrically opposite points near its lower end the combustionchamber is provided with lateral openings 15, into which are fitted the upturned lower extremities ofapairofdraft-p'ipes orair-flues 16.

The upturning of the lower ends of-the draft-pipes is preferably accomplished byv means of a pair of acute-angled elbows 17, threaded and shouldered to engage the combustion-chamber and also to enable the draftpipes 16 to be coupled thereto in the manner illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2. It is desired to be hereinafter described, and by reason of theangular disposition of the ends of the draftpipes the fresh air which is supplied tothe combustion-chamber by means of said pipes is directed upward at an angle of approximately forty-five degrees and nearly in line with the lower receiving end of the. stacker vent-pipe 14, thus not. only supplying the necessary oxygen to etfect a perfect combustion, but also increasing the combustion by producing a direct draft or circulation of the air through the combustion-chamber to the stack or vent-pipe. The draft-pipes or freshair lines 16 are made of sufficient length to extend above the surface of the water in which the heater is submerged.

The burner 18 may be of any desired construction, and for the purpose of illustration is shown as of the ordinary stepped or cone type and is provided with the radially-extending supporting-ears 19, which receive and are supported upon the upper extremities of a series of supporting-standards 20, the lower ends of which are connected fixedly to the base and the upper ends of which are usually threaded to receive retaining-nuts, which bear against the ears 19, it being considered unnecessary to illustrate these details, which may be readily understood. The burner 18 is arranged at a considerable distance above the base and just under the stack or vent-pipe. Sufficient room is, however, left between the burner and top of the combustion-chamber for the passage of a tube 21, which forms the vaporizer by means of which the gasolene or other volatile oil is vaporized before it is fed to the burner. The tube or pipe forming the generator is bent into U shape, as illustrated in Fig. 2, and is arranged in such relation to the burner that it passes over the top of the burner and downward on each side thereof. ,One of the terminal portions 22 of the tube 21 is threaded to receive a union 23, which also has a threaded engagement with the nipple 7, hereinabove referred to. The union 23 is provided with right and left hand threads at its opposite ends, and the vaporizer tube and nipple 7 are correspondingly threaded, so as to facilitate their being coupled together or uncoupled by turning the union 23. The other terminal 2 of the vaporizing-tube has connected thereto a reducing-elbow 25, the receiving end of which is larger than the discharge end, which is arranged next to the valve-casing 26, arranged within the vacuum-chamber. By providing the reducing-elbow 25 the progress of the oil through the generating-tube is retarded, and therefore subjected to the action of the flame and heat, so that it will more readily be converted into a gas before it enters into the valve-casing and passes by the needle-valve.

It will be understood, however, that the opening or passage leading into the valvecasin g may be reduced in other ways than by providing an elbow, and we do not, therefore,

desire to restrict ourselves to the provision of a red ucing-elbow.

The valve-casing 26 is screw-threaded or otherwise coupled to the lower end of the tube 21. or the elbow 25, as the case may be, and is supported thereby within the combustion-chamber. The valve-casing is equipped at one side with a stuffing-box 27, into which and through which passes the stem 28 of a needle-valve 29, which is adapted to open and close a small opening or passage 30, leading from the interior of the valve-casing through the valve-seat into a vertically-disposed tube 31, which is arranged centrally beneath the burner and provided with an upwardly-pointing nipple 32-, having a small opening 33 for the passage of the wholly or partially vaporized oil. The valve-stem 28 also passes outward through the flange 8 of the base and through a second stuffing-box 34, arranged upon the outer side thereof, as shown in Fig. 3. The stem 28 is provided at its outer extremity with a hand-wheel 85, and the stem is threaded into the valve-casing, so that by operating the hand-wheel 35 the passage 30 may be opened to any desired extent or entirely closed.

36 designates a threaded plug screwed into the lower end of the vertical tube 31 after the same has been drilled to form the dischargeopening The base i is fu rther provided with a curved passage 37, adjacent to one side thereof, and leading from the top surface thereof outward to one side, where it communicates with a drain-cock 38 for the purpose of drawing off any water or moisture which accumulates in the vacuum-chamber caused by the condensation of water on the inner surface of the globe or vacuum-chamber. At this point it is desired to call particular attention to the shape of the combustion-chamber, which, on account of being spherical, causes the waterof condensation to follow the inner surface and trickle downward into the vacuum-chamber, thus preventing it from falling or dripping upon the burner, which would interfere with the regularity of the flame. The base is also provided centrally of its upper surface with a depression or recess 39, adapted to receive a small supply of oil used in starting the burner and vaporizer, said recess or depression forming what may be termed a starting-cup, it being understood that in lighting the stove oil is allowed to partially or wholly fill the starting-cup 39'a'nd upon being ignited serves to heat the burner and vaporizing-tube, as well as the valve-casing, so that when the oil is subsequently caused to pass through the tube it will be incidentally generated into a gas upon coming in contact'with the heated surface of the burner, after which it passes outward through small openings 40 in the sides of the cone-burner.

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In operation in order to light the heater the globe shaped combustion chamber is unscrewed from the base. The valve 6 is then opened to allow oil to feed through the supply pipe 4. The needle valve 29 is then opened slightly, so as to let a small quantity of gasolene or other oil pass into the startingcup 39, to which a match is then applied. The oil in burning thoroughly heats the vaporizer and burner, and after it is consumed the needle-valve is again opened, so as to allow oil to pass through the valve-casing and out of the nipple 33. Upon comingin contact with the heated burner it immediately vaporizes, and the vapor passing out through the open.- ings in the burner may be ignited by means of a match, thus producing a purely atmospheric blaze. The globe-shaped com bustionchamber is then replaced and firmlyconnected with the base, after which the heateris ready to be submerged in water.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that we have produced a novel combination-heater adapted for a variety of purposes and especially designed for heating water in bath-tubs, washing-tubs, or other open-top vessels by submerging the lighted heater directly in water. It will be seen that the Water of condensation upon the inner surface of the combustion-chamberwill be directed to and upon the base without danger of dripping on the burner and interfering with the operation thereof. It will also be observed that by the particular disposition of the draftflues with respect to the combustion-chamber and burner free circulation is obtained and perfect combustion promoted. The arrangement of draft-pipes also obviates any tendency of the heated air to pass backwardly through the draft-fines and forces it to pass outward through the stack or vent-pipe. will be observed, further, that the burner and vaporizing-tube are supported exclusively by the base and are readily accessible for cleaning or repair when the combustion-chamber is detached from the base, such detachment being effected by rotating the chamber upon its vertical axis. This may be done without removing the draft-pipes, inasmuch as said pipes are located nearer to the axis of movement of the globe than the vertical portion of the oil-feed pipe.

From the foregoing it is thought that the construction,operation,and many advantages of the herein-described invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art without further description, and it will be understood that various changes in the size, shape, proportion,and minor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the end through the top of the base, of a nipple a,

screwed into said end of the oil-passage, a vaporizing-tube, a union detachably connecting thevaporizing-tube with the nipple and-having a valve-casing at its opposite end, a valve located in the valve-casing and having a handle extended through the flange of the base, a burner embraced by the vaporizing-tube, and a combustion-chamber detachably connected to the flange and having means for supplying air thereto and for permitting the escape of products of combustion therefrom.

2. In a submergible heater, the combination with a base, asurmounting combustion-chamber, and a burner supported by the base and located in the upper portion of the chamber, said base being formed with an oil-passage and a starting-cup, of a vaporizing-tube detachably supported by the base in communication with the oil-passage and embracing the burner, a valve-controlled nipple disposed above the starting-cup under the burner and communicating with the vaporizing-tube, and means for supplying air to the combustionchamber and for permitting the escape of products of combustion therefrom.

3. In asubmergible heater, thecombination with a base formed with a starting-cup and anoil-passage and having an upstanding flange, of a spheroidal combustion-chamber screwed into the flange, a burner located in the upper portion of the combustion-chamber and supported by the base, a vaporizingtube detachably connected to the base, in communication with the oil-passage therein and embracing the burner, a nipple located above the starting-cup in the baseand under the burner and having communication with one end ofthe vaporizing-tube, a valve controlling the passage of vapor through the nipple and having a handle extended through the flange of the base, draft-pipes opening into the opposite sides of the combustionchamber below the burner, and a stack leading from the top of the combustion-chamber.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our own We have hereto affixed our signatures in the presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES AUGUSTUS MANSFIELD. GEORGE DANIEL HAYES.

\Vitnesses L. C. HILL, W. W. DE SHAZO.

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